Bishop who Consecrated Child-Witch Finder as an "Apostle" Speaks at Lakeland Mega-Church
Richard Bartholomew printable version print page     Bookmark and Share
Sat Jun 19, 2010 at 07:10:31 AM EST
In 2008, a British documentary revealed the plight of children in Nigeria who have been stigmatised as "witches" by certain evangelists and church leaders (the US premiere was last month). Among the figures profiled was Helen Ukpabio, whose films and books have promoted the notion that personal misfortune can be caused by children who are "contaminated" by witchcraft. Ukpabio has come under intense international criticism since the programme was broadcast, and she has fought back in various ways; members of her church invaded a conference on the subject of "child-witches" organized by the Nigerian sceptic Leo Igwe (Leo was assaulted during this incident).

Ukpabio's fellow-evangelists have also closed ranks, and last year she was consecrated as an "Apostle" by Bishop NE Moses. Moses used the opportunity to praise the attack on Leo Igwe's conference, ranting of "Witches attacking! Wizards attacking! Atheists attacking!".

In April, Bishop Moses was a special speaker at the Ignited Church in Lakeland, Florida, which is pastored by Stephen Strader. Strader is one of C. Peter Wagner's "Apostles", and it was at his church that Todd Bentley came to prominence in 2008.

Bishop Moses' visit to Lakeland is not his only association with Strader; in 2003, Strader reported to supporters (now in Google cache, but not directly accessible) that

We are in Lagos, Nigeria doing a "Spiritual Release" Conference for Pastors & Lay Leaders... Our hosts, Bishop N.E. Moses is so WONDERFUL! He and his wife are catering our meals to our hotel room to ensure that we get safe, home cooked African meals!

Of course, I'm sure that Strader does not share Bishop Moses' enthusiam for Ukpabio, and that he is just as appalled as most other people by the plight of children accused of witchcraft. However, neo-Pentecostalism is a transnational movement, and it is natural that American neo-Pentecostal leaders will want to avoid public controversies that might damage international unity or give the impression that Africans are not equal partners. Clearly, there are also bonds of personal friendship.

At the same time, though, neo-Pentecostalism claims to be a movement which is guided by God, often in very specific ways, and the mantle of "Apostle" is meant to signify particular spiritual authority; Ukpabio is not an member of Wagner's International Coalition of Apostles, but her Apostolic endorsement by a man who has links to someone who is an ICA member does not give a particularly good impression. And it's not the only unfortunate association with "child-witches"; in 2006 I noted links between a Wagner associate named Gwen Shaw and Combat Spirituel in Congo.

ICA "Apostles" are not shy when it comes to explaining how God is working through them as leaders to achieve various goals; surely, therefore, they should be up to the task of challenging a distortion of neo-Pentecostal Christianity which is responsible for widespread tragic consequences?




Display:
One Talk To Action reader has been very curious about Ukpabio's possible New Apostolic Reformation ties - but I wasn't going to waste my time on the subject because you've been covering this beat for, well, years.

I don't know if you've done some more general posts on the impact Neo-Pentecostals and Wagner's movement more specifically have had in various parts of Africa but that's a subject which needs attention - because American writers are so quick to assume what you're describing in this post is purely an indigenous African phenomenon.


by Bruce Wilson on Sat Jun 19, 2010 at 01:02:28 PM EST

It seems to me that it is not so much an indigenous phenomenon as a coming together of several elements. Misfortune caused by witchcraft is an indigenous belief; the elements of "spirtual warfare" and pastors who have special abilities in this area derive from neo-Pentecostalism; and the emphasis on children is the result of social dislocation.

I'm cautious that American links should not be pushed too far - obviously it would be excessive to suggest that Ukpabio reflects NAR beliefs, but on the other hand neo-Pentecosal leaders have to take some responsibility for the way things have developed.

As for your wider question, certainly American books have had a huge impact. I'll quote my university mentor, Paul Gifford (African Christianity: Its Public Role, p. 339):

...this stress on demons is also an important strand in American Pentecostalism. We have argued that authors like Peter Wagner, Derek Prince and the Hammonds cannot be ignored in any discussion of the contemporary formulation and legitimation of Africa's contemporary deliverance theology.

Most of Paul's books can be browsed on Google Books.

by Richard Bartholomew on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 06:02:33 AM EST
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Religious motivated child abuse is a big problem in this country- and the beliefs about children spill over.  There may be some influence by traditional beliefs in Africa, but remember- Rushdoony advocated killing children who (in essence) resisted their parents.  It's only a step from beating a child half to death to killing that child... and the stories of the beatings and punishments meted out to walkaways (when they were children) are horrific.

I would be interested in your argument that the focus on children is based on social dislocation... that is an interesting thought, but I don't see the connections right now.

by ArchaeoBob on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 09:19:23 AM EST
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...but within the U.S. I'd say the influence of dominionist Christianity on religiously motivated child abuse has been well documented here on Talk To Action, especially by dogemperor.

So I don't think we're in disagreement here at all.

 

by Bruce Wilson on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 10:29:37 PM EST
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As another thread, there's Rene' Holvast's work on the export of the Spiritual Warfare/Spiritual Mapping paradigm (especially to Africa).

On the Ukpabio/NAR question, I'd note that NAR ideology seems to advance via extremist outlier leaders that NAR leaders claim are not part of their movement. Ukpabio may not be a valid example of this (I don't know nearly enough on this to judge) but within the US the Patricia King/NAR relationship is a clear example.

Pat King is notorious for her claims of gold dust/jewel manifestations at her revival events and she has been officially chastised by the NAR for ideological/theological excesses but nonetheless Peter Wagner's ICA apostles appear regularly on King's Extreme Prophetic show, even discussing the art of raising the dead.

by Bruce Wilson on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 10:23:32 PM EST
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This is something I find rather ironic.  The title used by that person is "Bishop"... yet I remember how the local Assemblies churches used to rant against Bishops.  I do remember Stader's father ranting against the word years ago.  There were sermons against using words like "Father" or "Bishop" (or even Priest- except for the "priesthood of all believers").  

It's funny how they are opposed to any other person having a "title", but take them for themselves.

Here's a thought.  We've been talking here about the quiverful movement, and the essence of that movement is creating cannon fodder for the Dominionists.  It's been shown that the movement is abusive in the extreme, and destructive to the personhood of women.  The children being raised are meant to be grunts in some kind of army (whether political or real has yet to be shown- I suspect political will fail, and they will get violent).  I would argue that they really don't care about the children EXCEPT for the political power they provide.  At the same time, we know that dominionists in general believe in extreme control and punishment of children- as I mentioned before, Rushdoony advocated killing children who were disobedient or disrespectful, and the testimony of a LOT of walkaways who were raised dominionist reflects this control and punishment.  The dominionists in Africa certainly don't care about the children they're murdering.  And as we've also shown, dominionist in general don't care about the poor or disadvantaged (except as targets for proselytizing).

Maybe we're starting to see one of the cores of the whole Dominionist thing- a lack of caring for those Jesus cared about- maybe even a core hostility towards those it is clear He loved.  

by ArchaeoBob on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 09:46:10 AM EST


In response to this same post on Bartholomew's Notes on Religion, I wrote the following:

Richard Bartholomew wrote:  "Of course, I'm sure that Strader does not share Bishop Moses' enthusiasm for Ukpabio, and that he is just as appalled as most other people by the plight of children accused of witchcraft."

I wouldn't be so sure.  Witch-hunting, albeit usually in not-quite-as-lethal forms, is a built-in part of the theology of the "New Apostolic Reformation," notably their teachings on "strategic level spiritual warfare" and "occult level spiritual warfare," especially when coupled with the explicitly theocratic "seven mountains mandate."

"Occult level spiritual warfare" necessarily involves witch hunting, at least on the level of prayer against suspected witches, and sometimes -- even here in the U.S.A. -- it translates into more than just prayer.

For example, the well-known now-disgraced former megachurch pastor Ted Haggard used to brag about having driven "witches" out of town.  (About Ted Haggard, see Soldiers of Christ: Inside America's Most Powerful Megachurch by Jeff Sharlet, Harper's Magazine, November 2, 2006.  This article includes the following: "He sent teams to pray in front of the homes of supposed witches -- in one month, ten out of fifteen of his targets put their houses on the market. His congregation 'prayer-walked' nearly every street of the city.")  Before his sex scandal, Ted Haggard was a close associate of C. Peter Wagner.

"Strategic level spiritual warfare" is all about exorcising "territorial" demons and thereby claiming physical territory for the kingdom of Christ.   "Strategic level spiritual warfare" necessarily involves an attitude of conquest.  Even if done nonviolently, it is naturally likely to lead to attempts to marginalize anyone who is perceived as consorting with demons.  Such attempts are especially likely when those doing the "strategic level spiritual warfare" are also advocates of full-blown theocracy.

Anyhow, thanks very much for clarifying the relationship between Helen Ukpabio and C. Peter Wagner's Internaltional Coalition of Apostles.


by Diane Vera on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 12:38:33 PM EST

Richard Bartholomew has replied here, and I'm continuing the conversation there.


by Diane Vera on Sun Jun 20, 2010 at 01:47:36 PM EST
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I have also responded at Bartholomew's Notes on Religion including this:

Following is the website of a deliverance ministry whose pastors, Paul and Alma Cooprider, are ordained with both Ignited Church, Lakeland and Spiritual Freedom Church of Phoenix.  Their website has information on deliverance from demons including an article titled "Six Entries of Evil," which explains how demons supposedly get into the body.  This includes the claim that demons gain access to abused and abandoned children and other victims of abuse.  I am seeing this explanation quite frequently.
http://pullingdownstrongholds.com/about_us.htm

by Rachel Tabachnick on Mon Jun 21, 2010 at 12:00:15 PM EST
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